Although shallow rooted, it can be difficult to eliminate once established as the fragile stems often break off (leaving the root behind) when pulled unless the soil is very loose. It spreads readily in ideal conditions, to the point of being considered invasive. The flower buds (L) and open flowers (C and R) of Galium odorata. The tubular, star-shaped flowers are borne in small terminal inflorescences held above the foliage. In spring tiny white blossoms cover the top of the plants. It is hardy in zones 4-9.Įarly spring growth (L), a patch in late spring (C) and in mid-summer (R). The foliage dies back to the ground in most winters in the Midwest and reappears early in spring. The bright green, narrow, rough textured leaves are arranged in whorls around the stems. The squarish stems grow about 40cm (6-12”) tall. Sweet woodruff forms a dense groundcover, growing on a creeping rhizome. The leaves and stems can be used to make tan or grey-green dyes, while the roots produce a red dye. It was often used in linen cupboards to protect against moth damage. The dried leaves and flowers – said to have a grassy vanilla odor like freshly mown hay – can be used for potpourri and as a household insect repellant. The fresh plant has little scent, but as it dries it becomes very aromatic, retaining the smell for years. In Germany, the flowers are used to flavor young riesling, called Maiwein (May Wine). The palmate leaves of sweet woodruff are arranged in whorls around the squarish stems. Native to northern and central Europe and North Africa, it was traditionally used as an herbal remedy for numerous ailments. It was formerly placed in the genus Asperula in the family Rubiaceae. Galium odorata, a spreading perennial with charming early spring blooms and a delicate fragrance, is known by several common names including sweet woodruff, bedstraw, and others.
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